As we celebrate International Women’s Day, it’s the perfect time to highlight an important but often overlooked aspect of women’s health—gum health. Hormonal fluctuations throughout a woman’s life can have a significant impact on oral health, making it essential to understand these changes and how to protect your smile.
Hormones and Gum Health: What’s the Connection?
Hormones influence blood flow, inflammation, and how the body responds to bacteria in the mouth. This means that at different life stages, women may be more susceptible to gum disease (periodontal disease), gingivitis, and other oral health concerns.
Here’s how key hormonal changes can affect your gums:
Puberty and Gum Sensitivity
During puberty, increased levels of oestrogen and progesterone boost blood flow to the gums, making them more sensitive, red, and prone to swelling. Some young women may experience puberty gingivitis, where gums bleed more easily. Good oral hygiene and regular dental visits can help manage these changes.
Menstruation and Gum Inflammation
In the days leading up to menstruation, some women experience menstrual gingivitis, characterised by swollen, bleeding gums. This is a temporary condition, but maintaining a consistent brushing and flossing routine can help reduce discomfort.
Pregnancy and Periodontal Health
Pregnancy triggers a surge in hormones, particularly progesterone, which can increase the risk of pregnancy gingivitis and pregnancy granulomas (pyogenic granulomas)—benign growths on the gums that usually disappear after childbirth. Since gum disease has been linked to preterm birth and low birth weight, expectant mothers should prioritise professional cleanings and meticulous oral hygiene.
Menopause and Dry Mouth
Menopause brings a decline in oestrogen, which can lead to dry mouth (xerostomia), burning mouth syndrome, and an increased risk of bone loss in the jaw. Dry mouth not only feels uncomfortable but also raises the likelihood of cavities and gum disease. Staying hydrated and using sugar-free gum or saliva substitutes can help alleviate symptoms.
How to Protect Your Gum Health at Every Stage
Maintain a Strong Oral Hygiene Routine – Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and floss daily
Stay Hydrated – Drink plenty of water to combat dry mouth and flush away harmful bacteria.
Visit Your Periodontist Regularly – Professional cleanings and early detection are key to preventing gum disease.
Watch for Changes – If you notice swollen, bleeding, or receding gums, don’t ignore them—seek expert advice.
Adopt a Nutrient-Rich Diet – Calcium, vitamin D, and antioxidants support gum and bone health.
Empower Yourself with Knowledge
Your gum health is an essential part of your overall wellbeing. By understanding the effects of hormonal changes, you can take proactive steps to keep your smile healthy at every stage of life.
If you have concerns about your gums, make sure you schedule an appointment with us!